PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck twice late to seize a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.